Oil Exploitation in Nigeria Delta Region: A Curse or Blessing- A Theological Perspective

Abstract

The Niger-Delta region of Nigeria is a vital part of the country's economy, particularly due to its vast oil reserves, and it is the third largest wetland in the world. However, despite generating significant revenue for the country's GDP, the region remains underdeveloped and equally faces numerous challenges, orchestrated by environmental degradation, a high level of poverty, and a low level of human development, among other social and infrastructural problems. The incessant exploration of oil in this region without corresponding sustainable development has, over the years, plunged the region into a crisis-ridden, resulting in the formation of indigenous sects known as "ethnic militia groups." This study seeks to critically evaluate the substantial economic and developmental advantages derived from oil exploration in Nigeria, while acknowledging the significant socio-economic and environmental costs borne by the communities in the Niger Delta region. The research work is qualitative, analytical and descriptive. It adopts a design model, using oral and empirical works to gather data and an observational method. The research reveals that in the midst of plenty, the people of the Niger-Delta suffer huge negligence from the federal authority. The paper, therefore, concludes within the context of justice, fairness and equity that oil exploration in the Niger-Delta is more of a curse than a blessing. To ameliorate these abnormalities, research therefore recommends a theological approach, knowing fully well the role of the church as an agent of social change.